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In recent decades, emerging data have highlighted the critical role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially (exosomes) Exos, in the progression and development of several cancer types. These nano-sized ves...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles, hold promise for the management of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), particularly because of their utility in identifying therapeutic targets and their...
In pathologies including cancer, aberrant Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling exerts profound tumor intrinsic and extrinsic consequences. Intense clinical endeavors are underway to target this pathw...
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the most relevant and functionally active metabolite of Vitamin-A. From a therapeutic standpoint, ATRA is the first example of pharmacological agent exerting its anti-tumor acti...
Extensive research in countries with high sociodemographic indices (SDIs) to date has shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be directly associated with more severe outcomes among patients living w...
The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been extensively shown to attenuate inflammatory responses in conditions such as asthma, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distr...
Cells that are exposed to harmful genetic damage, either from internal or external sources, may undergo senescence if they are unable to repair their DNA. Senescence, characterized by a state of irreversible g...
To explore whether the gap junction (GJ) composed by connexin32(Cx32) mediated pyroptosis in renal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury via transmitting miR155-3p, with aim to provide new strategies for the preven...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent tumor entity in women worldwide with a high chance of therapeutic response in early- and non-metastatic disease stages. Among all BC subtypes, triple-negative BC (TNBC) ...
Breast cancer cells (BCCs) can remain undetected for decades in dormancy. These quiescent cells are similar to cancer stem cells (CSCs); hence their ability to initiate tertiary metastasis. Dormancy can be reg...
Disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis after calcium electroporation (CaEP) in tumors has been shown to elicit an enhanced antitumor effect with varying impacts on healthy tissue, such as endothelium. Therefore, our stud...
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the non-histone protein high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) are involved in modulating inflammation and immune responses. Recent studies have implicated that the R...
R140Q mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) promotes leukemogenesis. Targeting IDH2/R140Q yields encouraging therapeutic effects in the clinical setting. However, therapeutic resistance occurs in 12% o...
Phosphorylation proteomics is the basis for the study of abnormally activated kinase signaling pathways in breast cancer, which facilitates the discovery of new oncogenic agents and drives the discovery of pot...
Sirtuins, which are NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases, are involved in various biological processes, including DNA damage repair, immune inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial homeostasis, auto...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has historically been a significant global health concern, profoundly impacting both life and well-being. In the process of CKD, with the gradual loss of renal function, the incide...
Though (1S, 3R)-RSL3 has been used widely in basic research as a small molecular inducer of ferroptosis, the toxicity on normal cells and poor pharmacokinetic properties of RSL3 limited its clinical applicatio...
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic process induced by various cellular stress conditions, maintaining the homeostasis of cells, tissues and organs. Autophagy is a series of membrane-rel...
The phenomenon of phase separation is quite common in cells, and it is involved in multiple processes of life activities. However, the current research on the correlation between protein modifications and phas...
Cancer treatment faces many hurdles and resistance is one among them. Anti-cancer treatment strategies are evolving due to innate and acquired resistance capacity, governed by genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, m...
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, involving a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic factors play a major role in ...
Cervical cancer (CC) is a common gynecologic malignancy, accounting for a significant proportion of women death worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the major etiological causes leading to...
Aquaporins (AQPs) are ubiquitous channel proteins that play a critical role in the homeostasis of the cellular environment by allowing the transit of water, chemicals, and ions. They can be found in many diffe...
The current scientific literature has extensively explored the potential role of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in the NF-κB pathway of leukemia and lymphoma. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a critical c...
Extravasation is a fundamental step in the metastatic journey, where cancer cells exit the bloodstream and breach the endothelial cell barrier to infiltrate target tissues. The tactics cancer cells employ are ...
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have garnered attention for their dual role in host defense and tumor promotion. With their involvement documented across a spectrum of tumors, their influence on the prog...
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), the predominant type I protein arginine methyltransferase, plays a crucial role in normal biological functions by catalyzing the methylation of arginine side chain...
Our previous studies demonstrated that 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) released by prostate cancer cells inhibits T cell proliferation and function by increasing SHP1 expression. We designed this study to furt...
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common form of breast cancer which accounts for 85% of all breast cancer diagnoses. Non-invasive and early stages have a better prognosis than late-stage invasive ca...
The changes in T regulatory cell (Treg) and T helper cell (Th) 17 ratios holds paramount importance in ensuring internal homeostasis and disease progression. Recently, novel subsets of Treg and Th17, namely IL...
NRAS mutations are most frequently observed in hematological malignancies and are also common in some solid tumors such as melanoma and colon cancer. Despite its pivotal role in oncogenesis, no effective therapie...
Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory disorder manifested by a dysregulated immune response to infection and multi-organ failure. Numerous studies have shown that elevated ferritin levels exist as an essent...
Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) has been implicated in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the specific contributions of NLRP3, a NET-asso...
The remarkable regenerative capacity of the liver enables recovery after radical Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection. After resection, macrophages secrete interleukin 6 and hepatocyte growth factors to pr...
Interferon-γ-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10/CXCL10) is a dual-function CXC chemokine that coordinates chemotaxis of activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells via interaction with its G protein-couple...
Physical exercise directly stretching the peripheral nerve promotes nerve regeneration; however, its action mechanism remains elusive. Our present study aimed to investigate the effects of mechanosensitive cha...
Inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) are a group of untreatable and commonly blinding diseases characterized by progressive photoreceptor loss. IRD pathology has been linked to an excessive activation of cyc...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health concern, and its development is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria can adapt to the high metabolic demands of cancer cells owing to t...
Enhancing protein stability holds paramount significance in biotechnology, therapeutics, and the food industry. Circular permutations offer a distinctive avenue for manipulating protein stability while keeping...
The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). As an adaptive cellular response to hostile microenviron...
Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and death cause vision loss in patients with glaucoma. Regulated cell death, once initiated, is generally considered to be an irreversible process. Recently, we showed ...
Arginyltransferase (Ate1) orchestrates posttranslational protein arginylation, a pivotal regulator of cellular proteolytic processes. In eukaryotic cells, two interconnected systems—the ubiquitin proteasome sy...
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases and has emerged as the leading factor in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MyD88 contributes to the develop...
K-Ras is the most frequently mutated Ras variant in pancreatic, colon and non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma. Activating mutations in K-Ras result in increased amounts of active Ras-GTP and subsequently a hype...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), affecting many elders worldwide, is characterized by A-beta and tau-related cognitive decline. Accumulating evidence suggests that brain iron accumulation is an important characterist...
As a dual-function metabolite, succinate has emerged in cell function and plays a key signaling role in linking mitochondrial function to other cellular functions. Succinate accumulation in the cytoplasm is co...
Previous research has revealed that the 18 glycoside hydrolase gene family (GH18) member Chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3l1) can regulate osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. However, its downstream recepto...
Every single cell can communicate with other cells in a paracrine manner via the production of nano-sized extracellular vesicles. This phenomenon is conserved between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukar...
N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is a post-transcriptionally modified RNA molecule that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of various biological functions and activities. Especially in cancer cell invasion, prolif...
Renal fibrosis significantly contributes to the progressive loss of kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD), with alternatively activated M2 macrophages playing a crucial role in this progression. The ...
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Cell Communication and Signaling